Subscript Generator
Lower whole text, the numbers in formulas like H2O, or indices like x_1.
y, g, d have no subscript form in Unicode, so they stay full size.
Single characters
Tap to copy a single character.
How subscript works
Subscript characters sit below the baseline: the ₂ in H₂O, the ₁ in x₁. Unicode includes lowered digits, the signs + − = ( ), and a partial alphabet, originally for chemistry, mathematics and phonetics. Pasted as text, they work in chats, spreadsheets and documents that have no subscript button.
The modes do the tedious part for you. Whole text lowers everything it can. Chemistry scans a formula and lowers only the numbers that follow an element or a closing bracket, so C6H12O6 becomes C₆H₁₂O₆ and Ca(OH)2 becomes Ca(OH)₂; a charge written after a caret, like SO4^2-, is raised instead. Indices lowers whatever follows an underscore, the notation used in LaTeX and many programming docs.
The subscript alphabet is small — just 17 letters — so many words can’t be fully lowered. The tool names each character it left full size, right under the result.
Frequently asked questions
How do I write H₂O?
Choose the Chemistry mode and type the formula normally — H2O, CO2, Ca(OH)2. Numbers that follow a letter or closing bracket are lowered automatically; charges written after a caret, like SO4^2-, are raised.
Which letters exist in subscript?
Only a, e, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, p, r, s, t, u, v and x, plus all digits and + − = ( ). Other letters, like b, c, d and g, stay full size, and the tool lists them.
How do I type an index like x₁?
Use the Indices mode and put an underscore before the index: x_1 becomes x₁. Group longer indices in braces, as in a_{ij}.
Do subscript characters display everywhere?
Digits and the common letters display on most devices. A few subscript letters come from newer Unicode versions and may show as boxes on older phones.